The clinical examination of the column, in addition to observation and some small maneuvers, can be enriched by a series of measurements with manual, non-invasive instruments.

These instruments will never replace the X-rays simply because measuring the surface of the back does not coincide with measuring the column. However, they provide us with valuable information such as the identification of a range of normality and a threshold value, but above all they allow us to locate, with precision, changes over time.

The practice of using these instruments makes the repeatability of measurements excellent; the total absence of invasiveness allows to carry out all the necessary controls without limits.